Contents
- Editorial: La Journée internationale de la femme : et après ?
- Illustration 1
- Quote
- Illustration 2
- News Overview
- Multilateral Organizations
- Opinions
- G8/G20 Update
- In the blogs...
- Reports
- Calendar
Africa Progress Panel
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La Journée internationale de la femme : et après ?
Célébrée hier 8 mars 2012, la Journée internationale de la femme nous invite à réfléchir à la situation de l’Afrique au regard du troisième objectif du Millénaire pour le développement, soit l’égalité des sexes et l’autonomisation des femmes. À cet égard, le rapport de la Banque mondiale sur le développement dans le monde 2012 : égalité des genres et développement, paru récemment, relève que la vie des femmes et des filles s’est considérablement améliorée ces dernières années.
Or, malgré ces progrès, les femmes et les filles sont toujours confrontées à de nombreuses difficultés. Les femmes et les filles représentent ainsi soixante pour-cent des personnes souffrant de la faim chronique dans le monde, selon l’UNESCO ; elles sont particulièrement vulnérables dans les États fragiles. M. Kofi Annan l’observait il y a peu : « Depuis trop longtemps, les femmes et les filles sont les premières victimes des conflits en Afrique, du fait de la violence sexiste, des déplacements forcés ou du déni de leurs droits humains fondamentaux. Et pourtant, nous savons que les femmes sont souvent le moteur de la paix dans leurs foyers, au sein des communautés et même au niveau national. »
Dans le dernier numéro de Renouveau Afrique, les Nations Unies observent que les femmes du monde entier, mais surtout africaines, n’ont toujours pas obtenu leur juste part du pouvoir politique et des opportunités économiques. En dépit de leur rôle central dans l’entretien de leurs familles et de leur contribution indiscutable au développement économique et social des sociétés africaines, les femmes sont encore freinées par des obstacles culturels et traditionnels profondément enracinés.
ONU Femmes souligne, quant à elle, que l’égalité entre les sexes, loin d’être uniquement une question de droits de l’homme, a d’énormes répercussions socioéconomiques. L’autonomisation des femmes favorise la prospérité économique en stimulant la productivité et la croissance.
Reprises dans le Guardian de la semaine dernière, les infographies de l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture et de Farming First montrent que si les femmes constituent la majorité de la main-d’œuvre paysanne en Afrique, elles ne représentent que 20 % des exploitants agricoles. Au niveau mondial, les femmes gagnent moitié moins que les hommes et ont moins facilement accès qu’eux au crédit et aux technologies. Si les femmes étaient rétribuées à égalité, on imagine sans peine dans quelle mesure elles pourraient améliorer leur sort et celui de leurs familles, sans parler de leur contribution à la réalisation des objectifs de développement de leurs pays.
Des mesures d’inclusion des femmes existent : elles devraient être largement adoptées. L’Union africaine, par exemple, applique, depuis ses débuts, un quota de représentation féminine de 50 % , une proportion que l’on retrouve dans la composition de la Commission de l’UA. Cette norme reflète, et renforce en même temps, les résultats obtenus par certains États : l’Angola, le Mozambique et l’Afrique du Sud dépassent chacun le seuil de 30 % de femmes dans leurs représentations nationales, et l’on peut citer d’autres exemples ailleurs en Afrique. Mais il reste encore beaucoup à faire aux niveaux local et régional pour traduire ces gains politiques en autonomisation économique et en justice sociale pour les femmes.
Les progrès enregistrés par les femmes africaines ces dernières décennies sont, essentiellement, le fruit de leurs propres efforts et de leur organisation. De fait, l’année 2011, à elle seule, a été riche en évolutions positives en matière d’égalité entre les sexes et d’autonomisation des femmes en Afrique. Du « Printemps arabe » aux élections présidentielles au Liberia, du prix Nobel de la paix à la sécurité agricole et alimentaire, les femmes africaines ouvrent la voie, signalant au passage leur détermination à participer pleinement à la construction de l’avenir prometteur du continent.
En ces temps d’instabilité politique et économique au niveau mondial, il importe que nous investissions dans un avenir durable : nous devons encourager la participation politique active et l’égalité, de même que soutenir l’action des femmes entrepreneures, engagées dans les affaires et élues à des fonctions publiques.
Quote
“The lack of equality for women in Africa is not only unjust, but deeply damaging for the continent’s prospects.
- Graça Machel, Africa Progress Panel Member
News Overview
- According to Senegal’s judicial authorities, incumbent President Abdoulaye Wade and ex-Prime Minister Macky Sall are expected to face a second round run-off vote on 25 March 2012. Citizens are experiencing concerns that the run-off might be affected by violence.
- Talks continue between Sudan and South Sudan as they try to resolve simmering disputes over oil, borders, and citizenship issues. The dispute over fees for the use of oil pipelines that prompted South Sudan to shut down all oil production is a move, analysts say that is likely to financially hurt both countries.
- Guinea’s Electoral Commission sets a date (8 July 2012) to hold its delayed parliamentary election, a vote that could help the West African nations unblock donor aid. The legislative poll, which had been due last December, is expected to mark the final step in Guinea's transition from military to civilian rule.
- Stressing that the international community waited too long to respond to famine in East Africa last year, charity organization, Oxfam calls for urgent action to stop drought in West Africa's Sahel region turning into a humanitarian disaster, which could affect 13 million people.
- Following the proclaimed autonomy of East Libyan leaders in the oil-rich region of Cyrenaica that called for the establishment of a federal system in the post-revolution nation; Libyans in several major cities, including Benghazi, have taken to the streets to reject the federal system of government. Advocates of federalism argue that the move will prevent further marginalization of the east, while opponents express fear that it will split the country and mar reconciliation efforts.
Multilateral Organizations
AfDB
- AfDB invests in its first private sector project in Côte d’Ivoire in over a decade with a €58m toll bridge loan
- AfDB approves an equity investment of $50 million into the Carlyle sub-Saharan Africa Fund. The is the first investment vehicle that the US-based private equity firm, 'The Carlyle Group,' has raised to pursue its geographical expansion into sub-Saharan Africa
- AfDB approves €25m grant to improve agriculture in rural Côte d’Ivoire
- AfDB loans €32.5m to Tunisia to boost flow of irrigation water to country’s farms
AU
EAC
ECOWAS
- ECOWAS launches project to monitor agricultural information in the sub-region
- ECOWAS and the AU call for compromise in Senegal presidential vote
- ECOWAS lagging behind SADC, EAC, COMESA in integration, according to Ghana’s Vice President John Dramani Mahama
IFAD
IMF
SADC
UN
- To keep Somalis ‘committed’, the UN Secretary-General urges the Security Council to continue to support political, security, and recovery processes
- UN Secretary-General commends Senegal for peaceful conduct of presidential election’s first round and appeals for the same spirit of democratic commitment in the second
WORLD BANK
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World Bank offers Malawi turn around plan to help turn around the troubled economy of the southern African nation
- World Bank to improve MENA’s broadband by optimizing fiber optic networks for broadband use
- World Bank boosts Africa’s food security with $1 billion
In the blogs...
- From Poverty to Power: International Women’s Day – What to celebrate, what to condemn? 8 March 2012 – Duncan Green, Head of research for Oxfam GB, looks at various opinions and perspectives of International Women’s Day.
- Africa Arguments: #StopKony2012: For most Ugandans Kony’s crimes are from a bygone era, 8 March 2012 – The blogger argues that Invisible Children’s campaign is a misrepresentation of the facts and that one of the biggest problems with this kind of “game-show type ‘pornography of violence’” is that it has a dangerous hold on policy types in Washington DC whose access to nuanced information and profiles of issues is similarly limited.
- Harvard Business Review: What Africa’s entrepreneurs can teach the world, 5 March 2012 – Bright B. Simons, the person who invented the SMS short code system for authenticating pharmaceuticals, argues that entrepreneurship is the answer to the economic questions facing Africa today. He then discusses the two main characteristics of African entrepreneurship that he believes sets it apart: hyper-entrepreneurship and excess diversification.
- The World Bank’s Africa Can End Poverty Blog: Africa is rising – is poverty falling? 1 March 2012 – Shanta Devarajan discusses the latest data on global poverty rates that suggest that not only is poverty declining in the world in general, but it is declining in Africa specifically.
Reports
- The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and partners launch an Index to ‘Empower Women and Fight Hunger.’ The “Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index” (WEAI) is the first measure to directly capture women’s empowerment and inclusion levels in the agricultural sector.
- UNRISD’s recent report, ‘The Politics of Resource Extraction: Indigenous People, Multinational Corporations, and the State’, explores mega resource extraction projects in Africa and elsewhere in the world, and discusses the impact these projects are having on the livelihoods of indigenous communities.
- ‘World Atlas of Gender Equality in Education’ by UNESCO, enables readers to visualize the educational pathways of girls and boys in terms of access, participation and progression from pre-primary to tertiary education.
- According to a recent UNICEF and WHO report, ‘Progress on Drinking Water and Sanitation: 2012 Update’, the world has achieved the MDG on safe drinking water, though the target in improving sanitation globally may not be reached before the 2015 deadline.
- A publication by IFAD and FAO presents a series of case studies that highlight the crucial role of producer groups and cooperatives in fighting hunger and poverty.
Source: As featured on The Guardian
Opinions
- allAfrica.com - Nigeria: Call to appoint Finance Minister to head World Bank, 6 March 2012 – Harold E. Doley, Jr., a former US Executive Director to the AfDB, argues that President Barack Obama should nominate Nigerian finance minister, Dr. Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, as the next president of the World Bank.
- allAfrica.com - North Africa: Waiting Game, 6 March 2012 – Co-authors Adam Robert Green and Eleanor Whitehead argue that as new and emerging governments establish political office in Egypt, Libya and Tunisia, strategies to tackle economic exclusion are still lagging.
- The New York Times: How to prevent another Darfur, 29 Feb. 2012 – A series of opinion pieces that discuss what world leaders can do to prevent another humanitarian disaster from taking place in Sudan.
- National Mirror: The poverty time bomb, 28 Feb. 2012 – The author discusses a recently released Nigerian report that states that despite the country’s impressive economic growth, close to 70 percent of the population lives in poverty.
- The Atlantic: Africa’s amazing rise and what it can teach us, 25 Feb. 2012 - G. Pascal Zachary, a professor at Arizona State University, discusses Africa's rise since 2000 and argues that conversations about development on the continent must catch up to the realities on the ground.
- Le Senegalais - Last month, Haiti became a member of the African Union, virtually unnoticed. Francis Kpatindé explains why this decision makes sense. Haiti, the first black Republic in history to overthrow its colonial rulers, has always maintained strong relationships with African countries and its future is in many ways tied to developments in Africa (Article in French).
G8/G20 Update
G20
- G20 Finance ministers and Central Bank governors reaffirms their support to global economic recovery, the reform of the IMF governance, environment friendly jobs and disaster risk management
AUSTRALIA
- Australia to delist 82 individuals from its Zimbabwe sanctions list, a move seen, on the one hand, as sowing seeds of division, but, on the other hand, a policy shift of western powers
BRICS
- Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa contemplate pooling resources and funds together to create a multilateral bank, but only by and for exclusive use of developing nations such as theirs
CHINA
- China donates $14 million humanitarian aid to Zimbabwe, mainly intended to alleviate food shortage in the country
INDIA
- Nigeria’s trade with India tops $9 billion. These businesses will aim at expanding the manufacturing base so as to increase job creation and technology transfers
ITALY
JAPAN
TURKEY
UK
- British firm to invest $20 billion in Tanzania’s economy for gas exploration projects
USA
- The Obama Administration is asking congress for $7.9 billion to fund global health in 2013 in addition to supporting political economic and social reforms in the Middle East and North Africa
- The United States African Development Foundation approves a $1million grant to support Tanzania’s small and sedium-sized enterprises
Calendar
| 12-13 March | Special High-level Meeting of ECOSOC with the Bretton Woods Institutions, WTO and UNCTAD: New York, U.S.A | ||
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| 12-14 March | 4th Inter Agency Meeting on Coordination and Harmonization of HIV/AIDS, TB and Malaria Strategies: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia | ||
| 12-16 March | World Water Forum on “Partnership for Strengthening Water Security in Africa: ” Marseille, France | ||
| 12-30 March | 104th session of United Nations Human Rights Committe: New York, U.S.A | ||
| 22-23 March | AfDB 2012 Partnerships Forum on “Partnering for a Green and Inclusive Africa”: Tunis, Tunisia | ||
| 22-27 March | Fifth Joint Meeting AU Conference of Ministers of Economy and Finance and ECA Conference of African Ministers of Finance, Planning and Economic Development: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |


