Contenus
- Editorial: Impuissants au Sommet ?
- News Overview
- Quote
- Illustration 1
- Illustration 2
- Multilateral Organizations
- Opinions
- G8/G20 Update
- Reports
- In the blogs...
- Calendar
Africa Progress Panel
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Impuissants au Sommet ?
Il est rassurant de constater qu’en pleine crise financière le G20 ne néglige pas complètement la question du développement. En 2010, le Consensus de Séoul avait fixé le cadre de l’agenda du développement : à Cannes, nous avons eu le sentiment que cette question est désormais mieux intégrée au programme de travail du G20. La plupart des sujets abordés au dernier sommet du G20 – financement du développement, agriculture, fluctuations des prix des matières premières, infrastructures – concernaient le continent africain au premier chef. Malheureusement, le sommet n’a pas produit les résultats escomptés par l’Afrique : il s’agit là d’une omission particulièrement grave, pour deux raisons.
D’abord, les économies mondiales sont interdépendantes. Il est généralement admis que la prospérité de l’Afrique dépend de l’Europe, et réciproquement. C’est pourquoi l’aide ne doit plus être assimilée à la charité. Adrian Lovett, directeur de l’organisation ONE, observe ainsi que le G20 « ... n’a pas compris que les investissements en Afrique représentent une bonne partie de la solution à la crise économique ». Le continent a en effet un potentiel énorme de contribution à l’économie mondiale, moyennant des investissements plus importants dans la diversification et les infrastructures. En outre, il faut compter avec la classe moyenne africaine, très dynamique et en pleine croissance, comparable en effectifs à ses homologues indienne et chinoise. Le magazine The Economist relevait à cet égard, dans son numéro du 25 octobre dernier, que la classe moyenne africaine est un véritable « aspirateur » de biens de consommation.
Or, les débats de la semaine dernière n’ont porté que sur des solutions à court terme, aucune mesure n’ayant été décidée pour stabiliser ni réguler l’économie mondiale. Pendant ce temps, la gouvernance économique mondiale reste problématique ; l’agitation sociale progresse, dans un contexte général de mécontentement et de colère devant l’opacité et la cupidité des banquiers ; tandis que les déséquilibres internationaux suscitent toujours plus d’instabilité à long terme.
En second lieu, il faut contrôler et accélérer la réalisation des promesses faites à Gleneagles et à L’Aquila. On doit se féliciter de la reconnaissance, par les dirigeants du G20, de l’importance tant de l’aide publique au développement que de la recherche de sources alternatives de financements. Le rapport de Bill Gates sur le développement a reçu un très bon accueil, à juste titre. Cependant, le débat autour des nouvelles modalités de financement –par exemple une taxation des transactions financières et un prélèvement équitable sur le carburant utilisé par le transport maritime – a duré moins d’une heure et n’a abouti à aucune décision claire. L’intérêt pour la réalisation des objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement a été, quant à lui, éclipsé par le débat brûlant sur le sauvetage de l’euro.
Les « indignés » qui occupent actuellement les rues européennes et Wall Street envoient pourtant un message très clair aux leaders mondiaux : le temps est bientôt révolu de la glorification des intérêts personnels, de l’enrichissement des riches et de l’appauvrissement des pauvres. En faisant davantage qu’entériner du bout des lèvres le principe de l’importance du développement de l’Afrique, les dirigeants du G20 auraient montré qu’ils ont compris l’appel mondial en faveur de davantage de solidarité, d’équité et de justice sociale. À Mexico peut-être ?
News Overview
- A Tunisian Islamist party Ennahda emerged victorious in the Arab Spring's first elections, taking 90 of 217 seats on a new assembly that will rewrite the constitution, appoint a president and form a caretaker government. While the Islamist party addresses the challenges facing them, many wonder how Western political leaders, long prone to influence by Islamophobic voices, will respond.
- Liberians went to polls to choose the country's president, defying a candidate's call for a boycott which has sparked violent protests and inflamed divisions in the West African republic. Responses to the election result will pose the latest test for African democracy as a string of elections this year have devolved into violence, where candidates and their supporters differed over results.
- Egyptian election scheduled for 28 November is the first parliamentary vote after the popular uprising that ended Hosni Mubarak’s 30-year rule. Ending decades of a one-party rule, the elections are expected to establish a parliament to draft a new constitution which will shape the country’s future if approved. But analysts express worry over the complex election system, saying the ‘next parliament will not reflect the new political realities created by the revolution’ because the people are likely to vote for the people and power they were used to voting for in the past.
- Northern Nigeria experience deadly attacks from its homegrown Boko Haram sect, a group of Islamist extremists that want strict imposition of Sharia (Islamic law) in northern areas. Experts urge careful response to the violence warning that a clumsy reaction could lead to more violence; while, recommending that the government do more to address the issues of poverty and corruption that led to the rise of the extremists and local support for them.
Multilateral Organizations
AFDB
- AfDB and top Silicon Valley software engineering firm Zanbato Group team up to create Sokoni, the first online marketplace for infrastructure projects in Africa that increases the quality of information available to investors through better links to project sponsors and financier
- AfDB continues support for economic growth and poverty reduction in Mali with $53m
- AfDB urges investment in Africa's energy sector at high-level climate conferences
AFRICAN UNION
EAC
ECOWAS
IFAD
IMF
- The head of the IMF, Christine Lagarde warns that the global economy is at risk of being plunged into a "lost decade"
- IMF Board approves a three-Year $615.9m extended credit facility arrangement and additional interim debt relief for Côte d'Ivoire
UN
- UNDP launches a guide aimed at helping decision makers in developing countries adapt their national public infrastructure to climate change
- Participants of the recently concluded African Economic Conference calls on Africa to invest in its renewable and clean energy resources to achieve green growth
- FAO’s "Information Products for Nile Basin Water Resource Management" project seeks to help government authorities in the Nile Basin harmonize information on agricultural water use that will support better planning and prevent future food insecurity
WORLD BANK
- World Bank and the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) step up efforts to jointly combat fraud and corruption in development aid
- World Bank is providing over $6.4bn in support of programmes aimed at solving the food crisis in several countries
- The World Bank estimates that rampant corruption costs Africa between $20 to $40 billion per year
Reports
- A collaborative effort between the UNDP, the UNEP, the World Bank, and the World Resources Institute, World Resources Report 2010-2011: Decision making in a Changing Climate argues that climate change requires a different approach to decision making as governments prepare for a much hotter world.
- According to projections in the 2011 Human Development Report, development progress in the world’s poorest countries could be halted or even reversed by mid-century unless bold steps are taken now to slow climate change, prevent further environmental damage, and reduce deep inequalities within and among nations.
- New UNEP Report tracks the changing global environment that has swept the planet over the last twenty years in the run-up to next year's sustainable development meeting in Rio de Janeiro.
- A Christian Aid report ‘Low-Carbon Africa: Leapfrogging to a Green Future’ demonstrates the considerable potential Africa has to achieve the win goals of tackling poverty and the threat of climate change by pursuing a low-carbon development pathway. The report argues that it is possible to lift Africa out of energy poverty without increasing Greenhouse Gases emissions.
- According to Africa Monitor's latest Development Support Monitor, the continent is on the brink of a major development breakthrough; But, suggests that Africa is at risk of missing the current opportunity because of factors such as continued lack of participation of the poor in decisions affecting them, increasing inequality between the rich and the poor and the exclusion of grassroots communities from economic participation.
Quote
“The G20 has to learn how to walk and chew gum at the same time…The fact that it takes a report from Bill Gates to get development back on the agenda speaks volumes about how the G20 needs to shift its focus in the future.
- Sam Worthington, President of the NGO Network InterAction
Opinions
- Pambazuka News (Pan-Africa) G20 summit - Under the shadow of the Occupy Wall Street movement: 7 Nov. 2011 -As the global financial crisis deepens, China needs to reflect on 'what kind of international system can minimize war and break the power of the top one per cent', writes Horace Campbell. According to him, China should see the Occupy Wall Street movement ‘not as a challenge, but as an asset in the fight for social justice and democracy internationally.’
- The Washington Post: Bill Gates’s plan to assist the world’s poor, 2 Nov. 2011 - Bill Gates advises leaders of the Group of 20 governments on how to continue to invest in development despite the economic crises sweeping the world. He recommends ways to mobilize tens of billions of dollars annually from private sources, as well as to tap into the $50 billion in savings among the African diaspora to help fund development in their home countries.
- IPS News: Better Aid means better development, 1 Nov. 2011 - Brian Atwood, Chair of the OECD’s DAC and Jeremy Hobbs of Oxfam share the same fear that, ‘The world will miss an important opportunity to fix what is wrong’ therefore, appealing for, ‘…more sanity in global development cooperation,’ to ensure that effective aid lifts people out of poverty.
- Mail and Guardian: Giving is key to Africa's wellbeing, 29 Oct. 2011 - Dr Bhekinkosi Moyo, programme director at TrustAfrica calls for a new way of practicing philanthropy in Africa; he urges high net-worth individuals to forge a partnership with governments and the business sector to address pressing developmental challenges on the continent.
G8/G20 Update
G20
BASIC
BRAZIL
CHINA
- China pledges to provide new loans to help developing countries improve infrastructure
- China seeks to attract more investors to its China-Africa Development (CAD) fund, the country's biggest equity fund focused on African investments
EU
GERMANY
SOUTH AFRICA
UK
USA
- USAID supports South Sudan's first agricultural trade fair - designed to bring together national and international entrepreneurs to learn about opportunities in agriculture, fisheries, livestock, and forestry in the world's newest nation
In the blogs...
- World Bank’s African can end poverty Blog: Yes, Africa can end poverty… but will we know when it happens? 1 Nov. 2011 - While commenting on the quality of statistics in developing countries and highlighting the challenges faced in obtaining data, the authors argue that poverty data are based on a set of arbitrary assumptions that may lead to erroneous conclusions and should therefore not be taken at face value.
- Guardian Poverty Matters Blog: How was G20 summit for the rest of the world? 7 Nov. 2011
This blog outlines the perception of the rest of the world on the recently concluded G20 summit in Cannes. It states that reactions from the development community is mixed with praise for world leaders who promoted the Tobin tax and progress on agriculture, and frustration with inaction on debt and tax havens.
Calendar
| 12 Nov | Coalition for Dialogue (CoDA) discussion forum on: Two Decades of Democratic Transition in Africa:”Tunis, Tunisia | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 13-16 Nov | International Conference on Adaptation to Climate Change and Food Security in West Asia and North Africa, Kuwait (Al Kuwayt), Kuwait | ||
| 14 Nov | AFD Conférence-débat:"L'aide au développement est-elle efficace?" Paris, France | ||
| 15-17 Nov | 8th WTO Ministerial Conference: Geneva, Switzerland | ||
| 16-18 Nov | “Bonn 2011 Conference”: The Water, Energy and Food Security Nexus – Solutions for the Green Economy: Bonn, Germany | ||
| 24-25 Nov | UNIDO LDC Ministerial Conference: Vienna, Austria |

